525 Constantinople burns
Christian emperors of Rome banned the homicidal gladiator games in the arenas, leaving chariot racing to become the most popular spectator sport. As in today’s professional soccer, supporters of the various teams (especially the Blues and the Greens) could become violent, warring against each other and against the forces of order. In 6th-century Constantinople, the Blues and the Greens also represented differing views on politics and religion, so they often acted as goon squads for various factions.
In January 525, the usual rioting broke out and the usual arrests were made. Some of the malefactors were hanged but some of the leaders of both groups took refuge in the same church; there they decided to unite and turn their fury on the emperor, Justinian. Their battle cry was “Nike! Nike! (Victory!) Blues and Greens together!” For the next week, their mobs ruled the streets, arson and looting ran unchecked and much of the city was burnt down including the Hagia Sophia, the Church of Holy Wisdom. A hapless member of the ruling elite, Hypatius, was crowned emperor against his will.
Justinian’s first thought was to flee but his formidable wife Theodora stiffened his spine and plans were laid to regain control. Leaders of the Blue faction were bribed to abandon the disorder and the army massacred thousands of dissidents inside the Hippodrome race track. Hypatius was duly executed, his high-ranking supporters were exiled and Justinian began the task of rebuilding the city.